North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) Practice Exam

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At what percentage of fetuses exposed to varicella in utero will likely be affected by congenital varicella syndrome?

1 to 10 percent
25 to 40 percent
50 to 70 percent
80 to 90 percent

The correct answer is: 25 to 40 percent

Congenital varicella syndrome (CVS) is a significant concern for fetuses exposed to the varicella (chickenpox) virus during pregnancy, especially if the exposure occurs in the first trimester. Research indicates that approximately 25 to 40 percent of fetuses exposed to varicella in utero may develop congenital varicella syndrome if the mother is infected during the critical period of pregnancy. This syndrome can result in various complications, including limb hypoplasia, eye defects, and neurological issues. The percentage reflects the risk of teratogenic effects due to the timing and nature of the viral exposure rather than indicating that a larger percentage of exposed fetuses will be affected. Understanding this risk is essential for prenatal care and when counseling pregnant individuals about varicella vaccination and the implications of exposure.