North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) Practice Exam

How does amniotic fluid volume change throughout pregnancy?

1. It remains constant until labor

2. It decreases throughout the pregnancy

3. It gradually increases and then decreases towards term

4. It sharply increases after 30 weeks

The correct answer is: It gradually increases and then decreases towards term

The correct understanding of amniotic fluid volume changes throughout pregnancy acknowledges that it initially increases as the pregnancy progresses, peaking around 34-36 weeks of gestation, and then begins to decrease as the body prepares for labor. This pattern reflects the dynamic nature of amniotic fluid, which is influenced by factors such as fetal urination, membrane integrity, and placental health. In the early stages of pregnancy, amniotic fluid volume increases rapidly due to the production of fluid by the fetal kidneys and the secretion of fetal urine into the amniotic sac. This volume is crucial for fetal development, providing a protective cushion, facilitating movement, and allowing for proper lung and digestive system development. As pregnancy approaches term, certain physiological changes occur, leading to a decrease in amniotic fluid volume. This reduction can be attributed to the gradual decrease in placental function and possible membrane leakage, contributing to a decline in fluid levels as the body prepares for labor. Recognizing this pattern illustrates the importance of monitoring amniotic fluid volume during prenatal visits to assess fetal well-being and identify any potential complications. Understanding this dynamic enables midwives and healthcare providers to provide appropriate care and intervention as necessary throughout the stages of pregnancy.