North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) Practice Exam

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What are common complications associated with polyhydramnios?

Hypertension and diabetes
Preeclampsia and gestational diabetes
Cord prolapse and placental abruption
Miscalculated due dates

The correct answer is: Cord prolapse and placental abruption

Polyhydramnios, which refers to an excessive accumulation of amniotic fluid, can lead to several complications during pregnancy, particularly concerning the umbilical cord and the placenta. One of the most significant complications is cord prolapse, which occurs when the umbilical cord slips ahead of the presenting part of the fetus, potentially leading to cord compression and reduced blood flow to the fetus. This is especially critical during labor because it can compromise the fetal heart rate and overall fetal well-being. Additionally, polyhydramnios is associated with an increased risk of placental abruption, where the placenta prematurely separates from the uterus. This condition can lead to severe bleeding and poses risks to both the mother and the fetus. Therefore, recognizing these possible outcomes is essential for proper monitoring and management during antenatal care. While hypertension, diabetes, and other conditions are important aspects of maternal health, they are more commonly associated with other risks rather than being direct complications of polyhydramnios itself. Miscalculating due dates is also not a recognized complication related to this condition. Understanding these key associations helps in anticipating potential issues in pregnancies complicated by polyhydramnios.