North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) Practice Exam

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What are possible outcomes of syphilis infection during pregnancy?

Increased fetal movement
Congenital diseases or neonatal death
Normal fetal development
Maternal immunity development

The correct answer is: Congenital diseases or neonatal death

The outcome of syphilis infection during pregnancy can significantly impact the health of the fetus. If a pregnant individual is infected with syphilis, the bacteria can cross the placenta and affect the developing fetus, leading to serious complications. The possible outcomes include congenital syphilis, which can result in a range of congenital diseases affecting the child, such as bone deformities, neurological damage, or severe systemic issues. In severe cases, this can lead to neonatal death, where the infant does not survive shortly after birth. The other possible outcomes listed do not accurately reflect the consequences of syphilis infection during pregnancy. Increased fetal movement is not typically a relevant symptom related to syphilis, while normal fetal development is unlikely if syphilis is left untreated. Lastly, syphilis does not lead to maternal immunity development in a way that would protect the fetus; rather, it poses a direct risk to the pregnancy. Hence, the correlation of syphilis with dangerous outcomes including congenital diseases or neonatal death is clear and substantiates why this outcome is acknowledged as a significant concern in prenatal care.