North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) Practice Exam

What causes varicose veins during pregnancy?

1. Increased blood volume

2. Hereditary factors and progesterone

3. Obesity

4. Lack of exercise

The correct answer is: Hereditary factors and progesterone

Varicose veins during pregnancy are primarily influenced by hereditary factors and the hormonal changes that occur, notably the increase in progesterone levels. Progesterone causes the walls of blood vessels to relax, which can lead to venous dilation and increased blood pooling in the veins of the legs. Additionally, if there is a family history of varicose veins, the likelihood of developing them can increase due to genetic predisposition. While increased blood volume is relevant to the overall circulation during pregnancy, it is the combination of hormonal changes and genetic factors that specifically contributes to the development of varicose veins in expectant mothers. Obesity and lack of exercise may exacerbate the condition but are not direct causes of varicose veins during pregnancy. Therefore, understanding the interplay of hormones and heredity is vital to comprehending why varicose veins are a common concern during this period.