North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) Practice Exam

What condition is indicated by placental tissue that is lighter in color?

1. General placental edema

2. Maternal infection

3. Fetal anemia, as in erythroblastosis

4. Chronic vascular disease

The correct answer is: Fetal anemia, as in erythroblastosis

The indication of lighter-colored placental tissue is typically associated with fetal anemia, particularly in cases like erythroblastosis fetalis. In this condition, the fetus experiences a significant decrease in red blood cell count, often due to Rh incompatibility between the mother and the fetus. As a result, the placenta may exhibit lighter coloring due to alterations in blood flow and oxygenation. This lighter color reflects the decreased blood volume and potentially reduced vascularization in areas of the placenta, which can happen when the fetus is suffering from anemia and the body is attempting to compensate by modifying the placental environment. Fetal anemia affects the overall health and vitality of the placenta, as it requires proper oxygen and nutrient supply for optimal functioning. The lighter color can signal a disruption in normal placental development and function, which helps healthcare providers assess fetal status and make decisions regarding care. Understanding the implications of placental tissue color is crucial in midwifery practice, as it guides monitoring and interventions during pregnancy.