North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) Practice Exam

What does progesterone help with during the menstrual cycle?

1. Initiates ovulation

2. Provides energy for sperm motility

3. Stimulates endometrial gland activity

4. Increases uterine contractions

The correct answer is: Stimulates endometrial gland activity

Progesterone plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle, particularly in the luteal phase that follows ovulation. After ovulation occurs, the ruptured follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which produces progesterone. This hormone prepares the endometrium (the lining of the uterus) for a potential implantation of a fertilized egg. During this phase, progesterone stimulates the endometrial glands to produce secretions that nourish the early embryo if implantation occurs. This process ensures that the endometrium becomes a hospitable environment for a developing pregnancy, which is essential for successful implantation and further development. The other functions mentioned in the options do not accurately reflect the role of progesterone during the menstrual cycle. For example, the initiation of ovulation is primarily driven by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), and sperm motility is influenced by other factors, not directly by progesterone. While progesterone can have a relaxing effect on uterine contractions, its primary role is not to increase contractions but to maintain a stable uterine environment for potential pregnancy.