North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) Practice Exam

What does the graafian follicle secrete in response to anterior pituitary stimulation?

1. Testosterone

2. Progesterone

3. Estrogen

4. Oxytocin

The correct answer is: Estrogen

The graafian follicle, also known as a mature ovarian follicle, plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle and reproduction. In response to stimulation from the anterior pituitary gland, specifically through the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), the graafian follicle secretes estrogen. Estrogen is vital for the development of the follicle itself and plays an essential role in preparing the uterine lining for potential implantation of a fertilized egg. During the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, as the graafian follicle develops, it produces increasing amounts of estrogen, which in turn promotes further follicular development and a surge in LH that triggers ovulation. This hormone not only influences the reproductive system but also has broader effects on other tissues in the body, contributing to secondary sexual characteristics and various physiological processes. In contrast, testosterone is primarily produced in the ovaries and adrenal glands but not by the graafian follicle itself. Progesterone secretion primarily occurs from the corpus luteum post-ovulation. Oxytocin is produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary; it does not have a direct role in the function of the graaf