North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) Practice Exam

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What duration is Norplant effective for, and how does it primarily function?

3 years; by reducing ovulation
5 years; by thickening cervical mucus
2 years; by suppressing estrogen
5 years; by preventing fertilization

The correct answer is: 5 years; by thickening cervical mucus

Norplant is effective for a duration of 5 years, primarily functioning by thickening cervical mucus. This method of action helps to prevent sperm from entering the uterus, thereby reducing the chance of fertilization as a primary mechanism of contraception. The effectiveness of Norplant is linked to its continuous release of progestin, which also may suppress ovulation in some users, though its primary function in preventing pregnancy is through changes to the cervical mucus and uterine lining. The unique formulation of Norplant contributes to its long-term effectiveness, making it a suitable option for individuals seeking reliable contraception without the need for daily pills or frequent appointments. The choice of 5 years highlights its extended-release capability, allowing for sustained contraceptive protection over a significant period.