North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) Practice Exam

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What is the condition known as when a thick white ring is present on the fetal surface of the placenta?

Battledore placenta
Extrachorial placenta
Vasa previa
Velamentous insertion

The correct answer is: Extrachorial placenta

The condition where a thick white ring is present on the fetal surface of the placenta is known as an extrachorial placenta. This term refers to a type of placenta where the chorionic membrane extends beyond the edge of the placenta, creating a thick ring that can be visually identified. The presence of this ring can be significant in clinical assessments, as it may indicate certain placental conditions that could affect the pregnancy or delivery. In contrast to extrachorial placenta, battledore placenta refers to a situation where the umbilical cord is attached to the edge of the placenta, resembling the handle of a bat. Vasa previa is a condition where fetal blood vessels cross or run near the internal cervical os and pose a risk of rupture during labor. Velamentous insertion describes a situation where the fetal vessels are present outside of the protective layers of the placenta and consequently at risk of rupture. Each of these conditions presents unique considerations for maternal-fetal care, distinct from the implications associated with a thick white ring indicating an extrachorial placenta.