North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) Practice Exam

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What is the effect of prostaglandins on the cervix?

Strengthens cervical tissue
Softens and ripens the cervix
Increases thickness of cervical mucus
Decreases cervical dilation

The correct answer is: Softens and ripens the cervix

Prostaglandins play a crucial role in preparing the cervix for labor. Their primary effect is to soften and ripen the cervix, which involves various physiological changes. When prostaglandins are released, they help to increase the hydration of cervical tissue, leading to its softening. This is vital for cervical effacement (thinning) and dilation (opening), making it easier for the fetus to pass through the birth canal during labor. The process of cervical ripening is one of the key steps that facilitate the onset of labor, and is often a target of medical interventions when induction is necessary. The other options highlight different aspects of cervical physiology but do not accurately reflect the specific action of prostaglandins. For example, strengthening cervical tissue or increasing its thickness would not facilitate labor, while a decrease in cervical dilation would counteract the natural progression toward childbirth. Thus, the effect of prostaglandins on the cervix is correctly identified as softening and ripening, which is essential for labor to commence effectively.