North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) Practice Exam

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When the cephalic prominence and the back are on the same side, what type of presentation does it indicate?

Extension attitudes
Flexion attitudes
Transverse presentations
Longitudinal presentations

The correct answer is: Extension attitudes

When the cephalic prominence and the back are on the same side, it indicates an extension attitude during labor. This presentation occurs when the fetal head is not completely flexed, leading to a more extended position of the neck. As a result, the baby's chin is lifted away from the chest, which can be identified by the alignment of the cephalic prominence, which is the part of the head that presents, and the back of the baby on the same side. In an extension attitude, the fetal position can complicate delivery, as it may lead to a larger presenting diameter of the head entering the pelvis, which can impact the progress of labor and may necessitate specific management strategies to assist with delivery. Understanding the fetal presentations is crucial in midwifery as it helps in anticipating potential complications and preparing accordingly. The other options reflect different types of fetal presentations, but they do not describe the specific alignment of the cephalic prominence and the back on the same side. Each of these presentations, whether flexion or transverse, represents anatomical orientations that differ from the scenario presented in the question.