North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) Practice Exam

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Which body system is primarily affected by the hormonal changes during pregnancy?

Nervous system
Reproductive system
Endocrine system
Cardiovascular system

The correct answer is: Endocrine system

The endocrine system is primarily affected by the hormonal changes during pregnancy because it is responsible for the production and regulation of hormones that control various functions in the body. During pregnancy, the body undergoes significant hormonal shifts to support fetal development and prepare the mother for childbirth. Key hormones produced by the endocrine system during this time include human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), progesterone, and estrogen, which play critical roles in maintaining the pregnancy, supporting fetal growth, and preparing the body for labor and breastfeeding. These hormonal changes affect not only the reproductive system but also influence other systems such as the cardiovascular and nervous systems. However, the primary role of hormone regulation and production during pregnancy is a function of the endocrine system, making it the most directly impacted by these changes. This is why the correct answer focuses on the endocrine system in the context of understanding the physiological adaptations and changes occurring during pregnancy.