North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) Practice Exam

Which of the following is NOT an early sign of preeclampsia?

1. Generalized edema

2. Low blood pressure

3. Protein in the urine

4. Sudden weight gain

The correct answer is: Low blood pressure

Low blood pressure is not an early sign of preeclampsia because, in fact, preeclampsia is characterized by high blood pressure. The condition typically develops after the 20th week of pregnancy and is marked by elevated blood pressure levels along with other symptoms. High blood pressure, alongside proteinuria (protein in the urine), generalized edema, and sudden weight gain, all form part of the diagnostic criteria for preeclampsia. Generalized edema refers to swelling that can occur due to fluid retention, and sudden weight gain often reflects this fluid retention, both of which can be signs of preeclampsia. Protein in the urine serves as an important indicator of the kidneys' response to high blood pressure. Therefore, while the other signs are all relevant and commonly related to preeclampsia, low blood pressure contradicts the nature of this condition and is not a recognized symptom.