North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) Practice Exam

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What is the primary purpose of performing a CVS?

To test for maternal health
To diagnose pregnancy complications
To detect genetic abnormalities
To monitor fetal growth

The correct answer is: To detect genetic abnormalities

The primary purpose of performing a chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is to detect genetic abnormalities in a developing fetus. CVS is a prenatal diagnostic test conducted during the first trimester, typically between 10 and 13 weeks of gestation. It involves taking a small sample of the placental tissue, which contains the same genetic material as the fetus. This allows healthcare providers to test for specific genetic conditions, such as Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, and other chromosomal disorders. This method is particularly valuable because it can provide results earlier than amniocentesis, which is performed later in pregnancy. Detecting genetic abnormalities early allows parents to make informed decisions regarding their pregnancy and prepares healthcare teams for potential interventions if needed. While testing for maternal health, diagnosing pregnancy complications, and monitoring fetal growth are important aspects of prenatal care, these are not the primary focus of CVS. The test is specifically designed to assess the genetic composition of the fetus, making it a critical tool for early detection of inherited conditions.